Fibromyalgia (pronounced fie-bro-my-AL-juh) is one of the most common chronic widespread types of pain in the U.S. In fact, it affects more than 6 million people. And its causes are still not fully known. Recent data suggest that changes in the central nervous system may contribute to the chronic pain of this condition.

The science of fibromyalgia.
Nerve and brain cells can become extra sensitive under certain conditions. This may lead to extra signals being sent to the brain, and an increase in the pain that a person feels. A person whose central nervous system has become extra sensitive may feel a type of chronic widespread pain that is typical of fibromyalgia.

The pain may occur as a result of a number of things. For example, viral infections, trauma, or injury. Even exposure to chronic stress. The sleep problems that go along with fibromyalgia may make the condition worse. And that could lead to even more pain and disturbed sleep.

Right now, there is no blood test or X-ray that can tell someone if they have fibromyalgia. But researchers continue to focus on improved ways to diagnose and treat this condition.